by Frederic J Haskin. 1913. 386p

The Panama Canal's paying-out mechanism operates under pressures of 100 tons or more, allowing ships to pass through locks with a chain system that raises or lowers in just one minute. American efforts were concentrated on eliminating graft and ensuring fair compensation for workers involved in the construction. The Gatun Dam, which covers 288 acres, is designed to be stable and impervious to seepage, showcasing the engineering prowess behind the project.

Efficiency improvements during the construction phase led to a significant reduction in costs associated with excavation and spoil transportation. Additionally, diplomatic engagements played a crucial role in influencing the canal's construction and the status of Panama as a nation.